Fluvial hydraulics

Teacher(s)

Soares Frazao Sandra;

Language

French

Prerequisites

Good prior knowledge of basic hydraulics or fluid mechanics, and good knowledge of open-channel flows (uniform flow, critical depth, flow profiles) as taught for example in LGCIV2051

Main themes

• Characterization of the fluvial environment
• Sedimentology: erosion criteria and sediment transport
• Fluvial morphology

Learning outcomes

At the end of this learning unit, the student is able to :
1	Contribution to the acquisition and evaluation of the following learning outcomes of the programme in civil engineering: AA1.1, AA1.2, AA1.3, AA2.1, AA2.2, AA2.3, AA3.1, AA3.3, AA5.2, AA5.3, AA5.4, AA5.5, AA5.6, AA6.1, AA6.2, AA6.3 More specifically, at the end of the course, the student will be able to: Calculate a flow in a natural river taking into account the sediment roughness and the influence of bedforms Evaluate the sediment transport in a river Design river training devices to improve the river morphological stability Transversal learning outcomes: links are made in the course to physical geography, geopolitics and history.

Content

1. Introduction : definition of fluvial hydraulics, types of rivers
2. Sedimentology
·         Definitions, general river morphology, bedforms

• Modes of sediment transport
• Non-dimensional variables of sedimentology
  - Velocity distribution, mean velocity, shear velocity
  - Dimensional analyssis and characteristic numbers
• Threshold for erosion of sediment bed
  - Velocity criterion and river equilibrium profile
  - Shear stress criterion : Shields and van Rijn diagrams

·         Bed roughness in natural rivers, stage-discharge relation : Einstein's analysis

• Bed-load sediment transport
  - Transport principles of du Boys
  - Analysis of Meyer-Peter and Müller
  - Other current approaches (Einstein, Bagnold, etc.)
• Suspended load sediment transport
  - Transport équations
  - Equilibrium concentration profile (theory of Vanoni'Rouse)
  - Suspended load (Einstein's integration)

3. Morphological evolution of rivers

• Sedimentologic equilibrium
  - Practical formulae : regime theories
  - Bank stability, stable cross-section shape
• Morphological response to river training works
• Helical flow in meanders

4. River training works

• Principles : Fargue's laws and rules
• Local works : surface panels, bandalling, bottom panels, bottom sills, bank protection
• River works : banks, longitudinal dikes, groynes, sills
• Channelization

5. Examples

Teaching methods

Evaluation methods

Continuous evaluation through homeworks and projects and oral exam for the theoretical part.

Online resources

Moodle web site with the lecture slides, some lecture notes, videos and useful information about the course.
MOOC (in French) on the edX platform: « Hydraulique fluviale 2 : sédiments et morphologie fluviale »

Bibliography

Notes de cours
Jansen et al., "Principles of river engineering"
Chang, 'Fluvial processes in river engineering'

Faculty or entity

GC