Historical introduction to philosophy & Philosophy and environmental ethics

The course is divided into two parts.
The first part (30h) is an introduction to philosophy and philosophizing. Generally speaking, the emergence of the discipline will be described, with emphasis on a historical and cultural approach. We will also seek to understand the tasks that philosophy, understood as both method and content, has set itself to date, and how it proposes to fulfill them.
Emphasis will be placed on the similarities and differences between philosophical discourse and a whole series of related discourses (mythological, theological, scientific, literary, artistic, etc.), which have all played a part in the construction of a specific reflexive path. 
Considerable time will be devoted to presenting "moments" in the history of philosophy, which have been exemplified by specific currents or authors and which, by initiating a creative conceptual discontinuity, have generated new or alternative understandings and representations of the world.
This historical section will be supported by commented extracts from key texts.
The second part (15h) builds on the historical background to address questions of environmental philosophy and ethics.
An overview is given of the main currents that have emerged since the 1960s as critiques of the roots of the ecological crisis (anthropocentrism, dualism, technology, capitalism, patriarchy, colonization, industrial society, etc.) or as possible solutions to this crisis (responsibility, consideration, sensitivity to living things, etc.).
Starting from the problematic of transition and its lexicon (i.a. Gaia hypothesis, anthropocene, collapse, Deep ecology, symbiosis of the living, ecofeminism, future generations, sentience, nature, capitalocene, pyrocene, animal liberation, environmental justice, etc.), we attempt to clarify the issues at stake in contemporary debates in environmental philosophy and ethics, emphasizing on the one hand their contribution to an ever clearer awareness of the ecological crisis and to the problematization of this crisis. On the other hand, we study the theoretical and practical proposals that emerge directly or indirectly from this contribution.
The aim is to familiarize students with the major currents in environmental philosophy and ethics, using texts and documents representative of contemporary discussions on the subject.