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Martina Otavova (DEMO, UCLouvain)
The Belgian Index of Multiple Deprivation
Disparities in health and well-being between socioeconomic groups are one of the major challenges for public health sectors worldwide. Despite efforts to address these disparities, a high proportion of the Belgian population is still affected by material and social deprivation, and experiences health inequalities. It is clear that new health policies need to be tailored specifically for deprived areas to be effective. Precise location of hotspots of socioeconomic inequality is therefore crucial. We develop an innovative index of multiple deprivation to reflect multidimensionality of deprivation and allow identification of the most deprived areas at the level of the smallest geographical unit. Our indices are built on 1991, 2001, and 2011 Belgian national censuses and encompass multiple domains of deprivation, such as education, employment, income, housing, crime, and health. In addition, they allow us to assess and compare past and existing socioeconomic inequalities in Belgium over time and improve our understanding of their underlying mechanisms.