Legal Methodology seminar

bdroi1130  2026-2027  Bruxelles Saint-Louis

Legal Methodology seminar
4.00 credits
30.0 h
Q1 and Q2
Language
French
Main themes
The Three Documentary Sources of Law (Legislation, Legal Doctrine, and Case Law) 
(Digital) Tools for Legal Research 
References 
Artificial Intelligence and Law (Functioning of AI, Impact of AI on the Work of Legal Professionals) 
Learning outcomes

At the end of this learning unit, the student is able to :

In accordance with the learning outcomes framework of the program, this course unit contributes to the development and acquisition of the following competencies: 
I. Acquisition of Legal Knowledge 
Mastery of concepts, rules, and principles across most branches of Belgian law. 
II. Acquisition of Scientific Methods and Tools 
Mastery of methods and tools for legal documentary research (legislation, case law, legal doctrine), with the aim of exploiting the results, particularly in personal academic work. 
Ability to conduct independent research of a scientific nature, in compliance with academic ethics. 
Ability to communicate a legal idea or reasoning, both in writing and orally, and to defend it convincingly. 
III. Mastery of Written and Oral Communication in French and in a Target Language 
Ability to communicate a legal idea or reasoning, both in writing and orally, and to defend it convincingly. 
IV. Understanding the Impact of the Growing Use of Digital Technologies in Legal Professions and Awareness of the Risks Associated with New Digital Tools 
Ability to use artificial intelligence critically, responsibly, and with proper sourcing. 
 
Content
The Course Unit (CU) consists of two learning activities designed as a coherent whole. The teaching team places particular emphasis on ensuring the strongest possible coordination between the theoretical lectures (large-group lectures) and the seminar sessions conducted in smaller groups.
Following the structure of the course syllabus, the lectures delivered in large lecture halls can be briefly presented as follows:
  • Elements of legal theory: legislation
  • Elements of legal theory: legal scholarship (doctrine)
  • Elements of legal theory: case law
  • Understanding and researching legislation
  • Understanding and researching legal scholarship (doctrine)
  • Understanding and researching case law
  • Writing a legal research paper
  • Drafting legal citations and references
  • Understanding the impact of Artificial Intelligence on the legal profession
Following the structure of the course syllabus, the small-group seminars can be briefly presented as follows:
  • Using legal databases: legislation
  • Using legal databases: legal scholarship (doctrine)
  • Using legal databases: case law
  • Using the law library
  • Drafting legal citations and references
Upon completion of the course, students will be expected to apply the research tools taught during the course and demonstrate their ability to handle, analyse, and correctly reference the principal sources of law.
Teaching methods

1. Lectures

This is an ex cathedra course delivered in person to a large audience.

2. Small-Group Sessions

These consist of sessions held in the law library and computer lab.
Attendance at small-group sessions is mandatory. Students are expected to be punctual and to bring the required materials (Appendices, Citation Guide).
 
Note: Students will be expected to work with generative AI tools.
Evaluation methods

Assessment Methods

1. Oral Examination (50% of the final grade for the Course Unit)

The oral examination takes place in a computer lab. Students will be given two questions to prepare.
Sample questions will be made available on Moodle prior to the examination.
Following these two questions, which are based on the use of digital research tools, students will be asked additional questions covering the topics addressed in the syllabus during the first semester.

2. Written Examination (50% of the final grade for the Course Unit)

The written examination (4 hours) consists of analysing Belgian legal sources (legislation, legal scholarship, and case law) relating to a given topic.
The assessment requires students to draft part of a legal research paper. This written assignment involves producing a substantial and carefully structured piece of legal writing, including footnotes containing references to the sources consulted. Preparing a draft before writing the final answer is essential in order to produce a well-structured response. This requirement explains the length of the examination.
As the Legal Methodology course runs throughout the academic year, students sit only the oral examination at the end of the first semester (January examination session).
Students who obtain a mark of at least 10/20 in the oral examination at the end of the first semester are required to sit only the written examination at the end of the second semester (June examination session).
Students who do not obtain a mark of at least 10/20 in the oral examination at the end of the first semester are required to sit both the oral and the written examinations at the end of the second semester (June examination session).
Students who do not obtain an overall mark of at least 10/20 for the Course Unit at the end of the second semester (that is, the combined grade for both the oral and written examinations) must, during the third examination session (September examination session), retake whichever examination(s) they did not pass with a mark of at least 10/20.
Failure to sit either examination results in a final grade of A (Absent) for the Course Unit.

Additional Information

At the beginning of the second semester, the teaching assistant responsible for each group will provide a reading portfolio. Students are required to read these materials prior to the examination. The documents included in the reading portfolio may be highlighted but may not be annotated.
Students must supplement the reading portfolio with:
  • two doctrinal sources (book chapters or journal articles; maximum 100 A4 pages);
  • two judicial decisions (maximum 50 A4 pages).
Students must bring the following materials to the examination:
  • their reading portfolio;
  • the two additional doctrinal sources and the two additional judicial decisions;
  • their Citation Guide.
The attendance requirement provided for in Article 17 of the Faculty Regulations applies. An unjustified absence from more than one small-group session during the academic year results in an overall grade of 0/20 (Absent) for the June examination session. In such cases, both the oral and written examinations must be taken during the final examination session (August–September).

Language of Assessment

French.
 
Online resources
All course materials are available on the Moodle platform associated with this course unit. Students are encouraged to consult it regularly.
Bibliography
BERNARD, N. (dir.), BORN, R., de JONGHE, D., de TERWANGNE, C., MOREAU, P., SLINGENEYER, T., TRUFFIN, B., VAN MEERBEECK, J. et VANVREKOM, S., Guide des citations, références et abréviations juridiques, 6e éd., Bruxelles, Kluwer, 2017.
Teaching materials
  • Syllabus de Méthodologie juridique
  • Syllabus des annexes
  • Guide des citations, références et abréviations juridiques
  • Code Bac
  • Portefeuille de lectures (pour l'examen écrit)
Faculty or entity


Programmes / formations proposant cette unité d'enseignement (UE)

Title of the programme
Sigle
Credits
Prerequisites
Learning outcomes
Bachelor in Law

Bachelor in Law (French-English)

Bachelor in Law French-Dutch (and French-Dutch-English)

Bachelor of Laws (French-Dutch-English / Droit-Rechten-Laws)