Teacher(s)
Language
French
> English-friendly
> English-friendly
Prerequisites
Mandatory skills in plant biology, plant physiology and genetics acquired during the Bachelor of bioengineer or equivalent
Main themes
General principles of ecophysiology of major crops
Biomass production and resources capture
Passage from the isolated plant to the plant population
Plant growth and development, yield components
Morphology, phenology, physiological factors, biotic and abiotic stresses
Application to several temperate, tropical and ubiquitous crops
Biomass production and resources capture
Passage from the isolated plant to the plant population
Plant growth and development, yield components
Morphology, phenology, physiological factors, biotic and abiotic stresses
Application to several temperate, tropical and ubiquitous crops
Learning outcomes
At the end of this learning unit, the student is able to : | |
| 1 |
a. Contribution of the activity with regards to the referential of leaning outcomes Control a pool of scientific knowledge in the field of plant production (M1.1, M1.2, M2.2) Control a pool of knowledge in the fied of bioengineering through a quantitative approach, facing a complex problem of agronomy at the scales of the plant and the field (M2.4) Apply a rigorous, innovative and systematic scientific approach in order to deepen a research problem in the field of crop production (M3.3, M3.4) b . Specific formulation for this activity AA program (maximum 10) At the end of this activity, the student will be able to : · explain the life cycle of a crop and identify the activity periods of each process operating in biomass formation ; · express the principles of yield formation ; · connect processes between themselves ; · identify the key phenological stages studied during the lectures ; · compare the adequacy of different crops to defined pedo-climatic scenarii ; · predict the biomass evolution in the field during the vegetative phase ; · examine the production differences under a range of physiological and pedo-climatic constraints ; · formulate a given situation encountered in the field (e.g. a given season) in a quantitative way with the help of concepts studied during the lectures, interpret it and propose an analytical strategy in order to vallidate this interpretation. |
Content
1. The plant in terms of supply and demand
Generic scheme of a plant. Development, morpho-genetic sequences. Approach in terms of supply and demand. Principles of yield constitution
2. light interception, photosynthesis and allocation
From the leaf to the canopy. Photosynthesis efficiency. Dry biomass distribution
3. Limiting factors and sustainable yields.
Water-driven limitation. Nitrogen-driven limitations. Resources capture and yields
4. Modellingof biomass production
Exercise on genotype-environment interactions
5. Temperate and ubiquitous major crops: maize, wheat, sugar beet, potato
Morphology. Growth and development. Yield parameters
6. Tropical major crop: rice
Morphology. Growth and development. Yield parameters. Ecology: soil, climate, abiotic stresses. Crop management
Generic scheme of a plant. Development, morpho-genetic sequences. Approach in terms of supply and demand. Principles of yield constitution
2. light interception, photosynthesis and allocation
From the leaf to the canopy. Photosynthesis efficiency. Dry biomass distribution
3. Limiting factors and sustainable yields.
Water-driven limitation. Nitrogen-driven limitations. Resources capture and yields
4. Modellingof biomass production
Exercise on genotype-environment interactions
5. Temperate and ubiquitous major crops: maize, wheat, sugar beet, potato
Morphology. Growth and development. Yield parameters
6. Tropical major crop: rice
Morphology. Growth and development. Yield parameters. Ecology: soil, climate, abiotic stresses. Crop management
Teaching methods
Oral teaching with case studies
Field visits
In silicomodelling
Field visits
In silicomodelling
Evaluation methods
Written examination
Other information
This course can be given in English
Online resources
Moodle
Bibliography
Support de cours obligatoires
Syllabus (diapositives du cours), nombreuses visites de terrain
Supports de cours facultatifs
Sites internets vus au cours
Ouvrages de référence
Hay and Porter (2006) ' The physiology of crop yield
Hay RKM and Walker AJ, 1989. An introduction to the physiology of crop yield. Longman, Essex. 292 p.
Smith DL and Hamel C, 1999. Crop yield. Physiology and processes. Springer, Heidelberg. 504 p.
Syllabus (diapositives du cours), nombreuses visites de terrain
Supports de cours facultatifs
Sites internets vus au cours
Ouvrages de référence
Hay and Porter (2006) ' The physiology of crop yield
Hay RKM and Walker AJ, 1989. An introduction to the physiology of crop yield. Longman, Essex. 292 p.
Smith DL and Hamel C, 1999. Crop yield. Physiology and processes. Springer, Heidelberg. 504 p.
Teaching materials
- dias powerpoint disponibles sur moodle
Faculty or entity