This image is the result of SEM analysis conducted on crystal composed of mixed salts. The crystal is recovered from groundwater sources of Ethiopia using reverse osmosis and membrane crystallization techniques. Fluoride is a major health problem for communities using groundwater sources in the Ethiopian Rift valley area, it has some of world’s highest concentrations of fluoride. The general goal of the research is to determine the technical feasibility of fluoride removal from drinking water and recover it as a pure fluoride salt by applying integrated membrane-based technologies.
© Wuhib Zeine Ousman